A high-risk pregnancy is one that threatens the health or life of the mother or her fetus. The risk may be the age of the mother or complex medical conditions that she may develop during her pregnancy or the ones that she may already have like blood pressure, diabetes, being overweight, HIV, etc.

Some pregnancies become high risk as they progress, while some women are at increased risk for complications even before they get pregnant for a variety of reasons. High-risk pregnancies require management by a specialist to help ensure the best outcome for the mother and baby. The doctor consults the conditions and helps the parents to plan the correct preventive method or treatments for the well-being of the baby and the mother.

Pregnancy care consists of prenatal and postpartum healthcare for expectant mothers covering all the common and important problems that occur during pregnancy, labour, delivery and the postpartum period. It involves tests, treatments and training to ensure a healthy pregnancy and the well-being of the mother and child.

The risks or conditions that were pre-existing or the ones that had developed during the pregnancy profoundly influence the health of a mother. Thus, Improving the well-being of mothers, infants, and children is a fundamental health goal. 

Hysterectomy is the surgical removal of the uterus. It may also involve the removal of the ovaries, cervix and fallopian tubes. Usually performed by a gynaecologist, a hysterectomy may be total or partial.
The most common reasons for having a hysterectomy include:
- Heavy periods – can be caused by fibroids.
- Pelvic pain – which may be caused by endometriosis, unsuccessfully treated pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), adenomyosis or fibroids. Prolapse of the uterus.

Laparoscopic surgery is a minimally invasive surgery performed in the abdomen and pelvic region using small incisions. It helps the doctor to look into your internal organs in real-time without open surgery and find the cause of symptoms, such as pain or bleeding. 
Laparoscopic surgery is also done in cases where there is a need to remove the uterus, fallopian tubes or ovaries, to diagnose or treat endometriosis, assist with female infertility, take a biopsy for testing, etc. It is a low-risk surgery which heals faster and has smaller scars.

Hysteroscopic surgery is performed to inspect the uterine cavity accessing through the cervix in order to diagnose and treat the causes of abnormal bleeding. It is done with the help of a hysteroscope, a thin, lighted tube that is inserted into the vagina to examine the cervix and inside of the uterus.

A hysteroscopic surgery can be used to: investigate symptoms or problems – such as heavy periods, unusual vaginal bleeding, postmenopausal bleeding, pelvic pain, repeated miscarriages or difficulty getting pregnant. 

Infertility treatment is medical care or treatment for those women or couples who are not to get pregnant despite having frequent, unprotected sex for at least a year or more. The reason may be infertility in men, women or both. However, there are various treatments and medications available to boost the chances of conceiving. These may be,
- Surgery: If the cause is a varicocele (widening of the veins in the scrotum) or a blockage in the vas deferens, the tubes that carry sperm.
- Use of Antibiotics: To treat infections in the reproductive organs.Treatment with medications and counselling to treat problems with erections or ejaculation.
- Hormone treatments: if the problem is a low or high level of certain hormones.

Ultrasonography is an ultrasound test in which high-frequency sound waves (ultrasound) are bounced off tissues, and the echoes are converted into a picture (sonogram).

This testing is safe and easy to perform and is used by gynaecologists and obstetricians to examine conditions affecting the organs in a woman's pelvis - the uterus, fallopian tubes and ovaries.
Ultrasonography is also used during pregnancy to monitor the health and development of the embryo or fetus or to measure the flow of blood in the arteries to detect blockages.

Uterine Fibroids are the non-cancerous growths in the uterus that can develop during a woman's childbearing years. Women with uterine fibroids may experience pain in the abdomen, pelvis and lower back. Symptoms of abnormal menstruation, spotting, severe abdominal cramps and distention can also indicate the presence of uterine fibroids.

Various treatment options like medications, surgeries and medical procedures exist for fibroids. However, the most common surgical treatments include Hysterectomy, Uterine myomectomy and laparoscopic surgery.

One of the foundations of preventive adolescent health care is timely vaccination, and every visit can be viewed as an opportunity to update and complete an adolescent’s immunizations. The administration of vaccinations should be integrated with other preventive services provided to adolescents.

The doctor maintains a precise chart of vaccinations taken and to be chosen according to the patient’s medical records and history. This prevents adolescents from severe viruses and diseases. 

Signs and symptoms of menopause are usually enough to tell most women that they've started the menopausal transition. However, if there are any concerns or abnormalities that you’re facing during the period, you can consult with a gynaecologist at a menopause clinic. In such conditions, the doctor may suggest going for a blood test to check the level of Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and estrogen (estradiol) and Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in your body as the imbalances caused due to these can be mistaken as menopause.

Treatments and therapies like hormone therapy, Vaginal estrogen, low-dose antidepressants, Gabapentin, clonidine, and Medications to prevent or treat osteoporosis are also assisted in a menopause clinic.